Creation and the Sabbath - John 5:17

Samuele Bacchiocchi continues his defense of the creational origin of the Sabbath by examining John 5:17.

In this passage, Jesus is accused of Sabbath breaking by healing a paralyzed man. Jesus answers by saying, "My Father is working is working until now and I am working." Bacchiocchi notes that this has traditionally been interpreted to mean that God has been continually working (creating and preserving the world) since the original creation of the world and thus he is justified in working on the Sabbath.

How Is God Working?

Bacchiocchi notes that this view is problematic for a few reasons. First, God's "working" and the "works of God" in the book of John are "repeatedly and explicitly" identified with Christ's redemptive mission and not with God's creation or preservation. So the works that we are talking about are "works of redemption."

In addition, Bacchiocchi notes that the original term translated as "until now" does not mean "constancy" but "inauguration an culmination" of God's working.

This term "until now" is speaking of a beginning and a end. Thus the term actually alludes to both the original culmination (sabbath) of God's redemptive work for humanity and the final culmination (final Sabbath) of God's redemptive work of humanity.

Jesus' Defense

Thus, Jesus was defending himself by essentially saying, "God started God's work of redemption in the beginning at the Sabbath, God will end God's work of redemption at the final Sabbath. All of the Sabbath's in between are for the redemptive work of humanity. thus I am not guilty of Sabbath breaking, but of keeping the Sabbath more fully."

Thus Jesus tells us how to keep the Sabbath and also alludes to the creation to justify his redemptive mission which gives an endorsement of its Edenic origin.

Eric Calvin Ward - The Four Cs of Adventism

When I refer to "Pastor" without specifically talking about the identity of the pastor, most of the time I am referring to Pastor Eric Calvin Ward. I am not sure why, but the other day I was thinking about the Pastor. I remembered Pastor Ward telling the congregation about a time when he was to be on a radio program. The program went long before Pastor Ward was to come on and Pastor Ward was told that he had only a few minutes to describe the essence of the Seventh-day Adventist faith.

The Essence of Adventism

Pastor Ward always seemed ready for a challenge like this. Ward said that Adventism is essentially about four C's. It is about Jesus Christ. We believe in the Jesus Christ of the Bible. It is about Jesus' Cross. We believe that we are saved by grace provided at the cross. And then he closed by saying we believe in Jesus' Commandments. And finally his coming again. All 10 of them as defined in the Decalogue.

Christ, his Cross, his Commandments, and his coming again. The last time I heard Pastor Ward state the four C's was probably around 1992. Pastor Ward now waits in the grave for the call of the Life Giver, but I shall always remember that short summary of our beliefs. And when we get to heaven, I will tell the Pastor about how much that short summary has helped me.

T. D. Jakes and the Sabbath

A more comprehensive rebuttle to Pastor Jakes can be found at this link.

I have seen some Adventists characterize Bishop T. D. Jakes' sermon as an attack on both Adventism and the Sabbath.I have heard other Adventists who saw the sermon as Jakes promoting the Sabbath in some way. I conclude that it is paradoxically both a notable attempt to find relevance in the Sabbath commandment and an attack specifically on the Seventh-day Sabbath. The title of the sermon is RSVP and can be found at this link.

Jakes Initial look at the Sabbath

Jakes quotes an Old Testament passage that states that we are to “bear no burden on the Sabbath day.” Jakes, in an insightful move, applies this to our own contemporary context. Specifically, the Sabbath is about freedom. We should let all of our burdens go. Jakes here sees in the Sabbath a symbol of God’s desire to free us of all of our burdens. This helpful idea is pervasive in the sermon. I think that we Seventh Day Sabbatarians aught to look, as Jakes as done, for ways to tie the Sabbath to the basic Gospel and help us gain a glimpse of what God has done and is doing for and in us. Jakes should be commended at attempting to marshal the doctrine of the Sabbath in support of the goal of helping people live Christ-centered lives. However, Jakes undercuts his support of the Sabbath by attacking the same Sabbath.

Sabbath is Saturday

I do appreciate that Jakes correctly identifies the Sabbath as Saturday. Although he does briefly talk about the New Testament supposedly pointing to the Sabbath as Sunday. Presumably because of the resurrection. He does not provide any substantiation.

Later, Jakes talks about keeping all the days as a Sabbath. However one cannot keep all the days, at least not as a Sabbath. The Sabbath requires a total disengagement from the world and participation in the coming kingdom. You cannot do that on every day of the week. Now Jakes would argue that we can if the “rest” is a “rest” in Jesus for salvation and not a 24 hour time period. We shall return to this later.

Sabbath past and future

Jakes has some gems that are very helpful to Sabbatarians. He looks at the fourth commandment and sees it both as a pointer to the past and the future. The word “remember” refers to a past event and the “keep it holy” refers to a present reality. Here Jakes sees in the Sabbath a past and a present reality. In addition, I would add to Jakes helpful insight that there is a future dimension as well. In any case, Jakes correctly notes that the Sabbath is more than just the 24 hour day where we go to church, however none of this precludes a 24 hour day to celebrate what Jakes has told us is the real meaning of the Sabbath. I would argue that one needs a 24 hour day to fully experience the present reality of God's future unencumbered by daily necessities like work.

The Rest of God

Jakes sees that in the Genesis account that God created everything and then rested. Humanity was simply to enter into that rest for all was done. However when sin entered into the world, it was then that God’s rest was broken. Thus, the commandment is telling us to “remember that sin broke rest.”

It is here that Jakes makes an interesting connection. In the beginning God created and and said it was all good. Then God rested. Then sin entered and broke God’s rest. God gave the Sabbath to the Jews to help them remember that sin broke the rest. Then Jesus came and died on the cross. Jesus once again says, “It is finished” and goes to set on the right hand of God. Now the Sabbath is fulfilled in Jesus’ rest.

Jakes then asks, "Why care about a shadow that simply pointed to the rest of Jesus when you have the reality?"

Then Jakes gives an illustration. Jakes spoke of a shadow being cast at his wedding as the light from the candles hit his body. He then asks, “Why would someone take the shadow when someone could have the man?” Thus, Jakes sees Sabbatarians holding on to the shadow and not the reality which is Jesus Christ.

The Problem

There are a few problems with this argument. First, Jakes assumes that the Sabbath cannot be a symbol of the rest that Jesus gives. Why can’t our keeping of the Sabbath today symbolize our rest in Jesus? Why does he assume that one can only have the shadow (Sabbath) (I do not think that the Sabbath is a shadow, I am just using Jakes' terminology) or Jesus? Can’t one have both the Sabbath and Jesus?

Why does Jakes argue that the Sabbath goes back to creation and yet it is a Jewish ordinance? It is either a creational ordinance or a Jewish one, but it cannot be both. And finally, why does Jakes seem to assume that the celebration of a 24 hour Sabbath is at odds with the belief that the day also points to rest in Jesus?

Finally, I think that his wedding illustration is helpful. How would Jakes’ wife respond if his wife told him to remember the day of their wedding and he either chose to forget it or said that “every day was his anniversary?” The simple fact is, as Jakes stated, the Sabbath is “technically’ Saturday.

Very Helpful exposition of the Sabbath

Jakes then continues his helpful discussion of the Sabbath as a symbol of our rest in Jesus. He argues that we are to fight to enter into the rest of God. We are to rest from our efforts to be saved, rest from our efforts to become children of God. Rest in the fact that we are children of God. The labor is to enter the rest. And then he moves back to the first issue of how we must let go of our baggage that separates us from God and others. Jesus is calling us to enter into the rest. The Sabbath is a symbol of that rest.

Conclusion

I think taking everything into consideration, T. D. Jakes presents a good sermon on the Sabbath. I certainly have issues with his seeking to do away with the Seventh-day Sabbath, but his exposition of the meaning of the Sabbath for modern day Christians can be helpful to all Sabbatarians as we seek to explain the importance of the doctrine. I think that many of us need to do some contemplation of the importance of the principle of Sabbath as Jakes has done here. However, I only wish that Jakes would begin to fully keep the day that God has set aside to contemplate all that Jakes has so eloquently described.

Creation and the Sabbath - Mark 2:27

Dr. Samuele Bacchiocchi's first reason for believing in the validity of Sabbath observance for New Testament Christians is the continuity between the Old and New Testaments. We have discussed this in other posts on this blog.

His second reason is that the Bible alludes, in the New Testament, to the Sabbath as a "creational" ordinance. Those who believe that the Sabbath has been abrogated argue that the Sabbath was created solely for the Jews. In three passages, Bacchiocchi argues that there is no validity to that position. In this post we look at the first of these texts that allude to an edenic origin to the Sabbath.

Sabbath Made for Humanity

The first passage that argues for a creational origin is Mark 2:27. In this passage, Jesus argues against the charge of his breaking the Sabbath by saying that "the Sabbath was made for humanity and not humanity for the Sabbath."

Bacchicchi notes that the Greek word for "made" (ginomai) refers back to the origin of the Sabbath. In addition, the Greek word for humanity (anthropos) demonstrates that the Lord desired that it would have a human value.

Marriage and Sabbath

In Matthew 18:8, Jesus goes back to the beginning for a reference to argue against corruptions to Marriage. This is shown in Jesus saying "from the beginning it was not so." Thus both the Sabbath and Marriage can be traced back to Eden. They were both created for humanity's well being.

Human Well Being Above the Sabbath

Does Jesus' statement that the Sabbath was made for humanity mean that humanity's well being is above the Sabbath? Bacchiocchi notes that this question is not a good one because the Sabbath itself was made for the good of humanity. If the Sabbath is turned into a problem then it is not the Sabbath per-se' but something else that has turned it into a hardship or burden.

Bacchioccchi rightly notes: "The welfare of man is not restricted but guaranteed by the proper observance of the Sabbath" (pg 43). Instead of seeking to do away with the Sabbath because it has supposedly become a liability to Christians, perhaps we should do away with faulty ways of keeping the Sabbath that may be a hardship.

Is Contemporary Music the Missing Key to Reaching Youth?

One of the things that people often do to "reach the youth" is drop the hymns and move to a contemporary service. Some even think that an approach devoid of doctrinal bite and yet heavy on hype will pack a church. This article discusses why contemporary music is not the silver bullet that many think it is.

Sabbath is for Healing

Ryan Bell of the Hollywood Seventh-day Adventist church looks at how Jesus' example of healing on the Sabbath forces us to be a part of a "Gospel-driven healing ministry." In addition, this sermon by Pastor Bell makes me think about the public policy implications of both Sabbath and healing. You will find this sermon, as well as a few others, at this link.